Yak-3
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Yak-3

Yakovlev Yak-W

 

 

The Yak-3 is a fighter of Soviet manufacture, which was equipped with a single engine. The development of this machine designer Yakovlev worked with his group of designers who have confirmed their potential in the manufacture of these machines on the Yak-1 model. Before the designers had put task to increase the firepower of the machine and increase its survivability in combat. In order to achieve these indicators, it was necessary to significantly reduce the weight of the machine and increase the capacity of the power plant for the production of higher speed performance.

Brief history of the Yak-3

The initial development of fighter Yakovlev started even before the Second World War, with the result that was made Yak-1 model. This machine had excellent flight and combat characteristics. The basis of the new prototype Yak-3 and taken the basic system and the development of a Yak-1.

Yak-3

Factory investigations were started in the year 43, and the machine has established itself as a great combat unit. She could reach a maximum speed, which exceeded even the plans of designers, namely 680 km / h. By October this year, the aircraft was handed over to the state tests.

The serial production of the new device was made in the autumn of the year 1943, and the first combat vehicle of this class was built in six months. For the first time the aircraft made a flight in March 44 years. Production went accelerated pace and 4848-3 Yak was built in two years.

In the middle of 1943, this device was actively used in combat operations and was appreciated by domestic pilots. He could easily withstand German aircraft and destroy them. The advantage of this device was that it was very light, since many parts of the case were made of wood. In addition, he was very fast and maneuverable. The advantage of the machine was and quite large at that time, the flight range, which was about 885 kilometers. The superiority was in the armament, since two machine-guns and one large-caliber gun were mounted on the Yak-3.

Design features of the Yak-3

It should be noted that this car was produced only for two years, but during that time there have been many versions that differed both layout and weaponry.

Yak-3

The Yak-3 was made under the scheme cantilever monoplane, which is equipped with retractable landing gear.

The power plant is represented by a twelve-cylinder engine that developed power in 1250 horsepower. The engine propelled a three-blade propeller of a new design, which in flight could change the pitch, this unit was designated as VISH-105SV. The housing of the truss type was made of steel pipes, which were connected by a welding type, and the casing of the machine was made of duralumin sheets. In addition to metal, most of the hull was made of wooden structures. The motor frame of the device was made as a single unit with the hull of the aircraft. The pilot's lamp was made in a drop-shaped shape, which increased the streamlining of the car. This unit was equipped with an emergency drop system.

The wings were composed of two spars, where wood paneling has been installed. The wings were placed between the spars fuel tanks, was also located here, and the service tank. Designers has provided system that prevents leakage of fuel from the tanks in their damage. On the wings of this unit have been installed and the flaps.

The chassis has been represented by three pillars, which were removed during the flight in the fighter's body. On racks telescopic shock absorbers were installed, which effectively quenched fluctuations during landing.

Yak-3

In the cockpit, besides the standard navigation equipment and control systems have been installed radio device and the device collimator sight, oxygen supply system. For night missions lighting was installed in the cockpit, and the outside of the case were sidelights. To reduce the visibility of the vehicle during combat operations all Yak-3 have camouflage coloring, namely the bottom of the car was painted in blue color.

 

  • A country: the USSR

  • A type: single-engine fighter

  • Crew: One pilot

 

This is the second aircraft Yakovlev were designated Yak-3 (first with this name was closed in the autumn of the year 1941 because of the low reliability of the engine and the lack of suitable materials for the construction of the aircraft). The aircraft was built to meet the requirements of the Air Force to establish a maneuverable fighter with high performance at low altitudes. Fighter provided by the Soviet Air Force air superiority over the battlefield - like the fact that most of the time the German Air Force had on the Eastern Front.

Use a modified glider Yak-1M equipped with a reduced wing prototypes have been tested from February to October 1943 years, by which time a small pre-production batch of the aircraft was put into production in the State Aviation Plant (GAZ) 286 number in Kamensk-Uralsky. The Yak-3 remained in production until the beginning of the year 1946. By this time it was released 4848 aircraft.

In 1991 year between OKB. Yakovlev and the Museum of Flying in Santa Monica was a contract, which provided for the delivery of several newly built factory in Orenburg Yak-SCT using drawings, tooling, templates and tools during the war, but equipped with "Allison" American motor company - hence the designation of UA. A small amount of double Yak-11 with radial engines also converted into aircraft "Yak-Ellison SCT".

Basic data

Dimensions:

  • Length: 8,49 m
  • Wingspan: 9,2 m
  • Height: 2,42 m

 

The weight:

  • BLANK: 2105 kg
  • Maximum take-off: 2550 kg

 

Aircraft performance characteristics:

  • Maximum speed: 655 km / h
  • Range: 900 km

 

Power point:

  • "Allison» 2L Power: 1240 l. from. (925,04 kW)

 

Date of first flight:

  • February 28 1943 years (source) and July 1993 years (aircraft Yak-SCT)

 

The surviving airworthy modifications:

  • Yak-SCT (newly constructed in OKB. Yakovlev) and "Yak-SCT" (Yak-11 aircraft equipped with engine "Ellison» 2L)

 

Yak-3 characteristics:



Modification   Yak-3
Wingspan, m   9.20
Length m   8.50
Height, m   2.42
Wing area, m2   14.85
Weight, kg  
  empty aircraft   2123
  normal takeoff   2692
engine's type   1 PD VK-105PF2
Power, hp   X 1 1240
Maximum speed km / h  
  near the ground   567
  on high   646
Practical range, km   648
Rate of climb, m / min   1111
Practical ceiling, m   10400
Crew   1
Armament:   one 20-mm SHVAK cannon, two 12.7-mm machine guns UBS

 

Yak-3 video

 

Aircraft

The Yak-3 is my most favorite car of the Second World War. Indeed as for me it's just a brilliant machine. Unfortunately, I can not say about the planes that were created by the son of the legendary designer such as the Yak-50. Just a bit of a pity that the real machine of this class are preserved only in Normandy to the present day. Also in 80-ies of the last century Yakovlevtsy created such a machine, I even managed to turn gray in it at the airfield in Tushino.

Strongly seated, comrade?

Yak-3 is the most successful in the line of single-engine fighters, laid out even when creating the Yak-1. Realizing that the time of piston aviation passes, on this airplane, A.S. Yakovlev experimented a lot with the propeller-driven group. Not everyone succeeded, but the design did not fail its creators. For the first time Yak-3 entered the battle during the offensive operation in the Kursk direction. The pilots immediately noted the exceptional maneuverability of the new machine. The Yak-3 aircraft at the altitudes up to 5 km was unrivaled. Simplicity and ease of management were also evaluated by the flight crew. A unique case was noted when 2 Yak-3 had to fight with 24 fascist aircraft. Our losses were reduced to a minimum - one plane was shot down, but the pilot escaped with a parachute, and the second car landed. While the skill of the pilots of the enemy for objective reasons was reduced, and the technical characteristics of the aircraft deteriorated, the Soviet air forces received the Yak-3, the most prepared for combat use, even yesterday's cadets. It should be noted that the production and repair facilities were also at an altitude - the planes came to the front parts assembled and even tucked.
Sometimes the Yak-3 called "Victory plane." Of course, in conferring such a resounding title role played by emotional lift last war years, when it was the absolute air superiority over the Soviet aircraft. However, it should take into account the opinion of the Yakovlev Yak-3 who considered the best fighter of World War II.

As for me Yak-3 interesting enough as a unit in their structure on the same flight parameters. First of all, this machine differed sufficiently powerful engine and the weight of a small car, and it has led to the achievement of enormous speeds. Not so long ago I appeared in the literature that it could accelerate to 720 km. \ H. However, such machines have a speed of a particular motor and serials were slower. When playing on the parameters of the aircraft it is very maneuverable machine at the time.

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