Yak-23
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Yak-23

Yakovlev Yak-23

 

Yak-23, which NATO classification called Flora, - the development of a jet fighter Yakovlev created in the postwar period. First flew in July 1947 1949 Since, the Soviet industry produced 310 aircraft. They were standing a short period of time in service with the Air Forces of the USSR and some Eastern European countries.

 

History of the Yak-23

 

Domestic aircraft received a new stage of development after the beginning of the procurement of foreign motor company "Rolls Royce" ( "Derwent-In" and "Nin").

Yak-23

11.03.1947 out a resolution of the USSR, in which all KB entrusted the task of developing jets with these the English power plants. On the Yakovlev design laid Orthoptera fighter with the engine "Derwent-In." Yakovlev began simultaneous development of two aircraft: Yak-25, having a classical scheme of the fuselage and the pilot of the Yak-19. Also, on its own initiative designed Yak-23 hull steps scheme.

 

This aircraft was built almost from scratch, but a little relying on the experience of creating the first jet fighter Yak-15 and Yak-17. The wing of the aircraft had a laminated profile and slotted flaps of the TsAGI type. As part of the weapons were two cannons HP-23 (originally planned to install guns Sh-3-23, but they did not pass the tests). They were placed under the engine at the bottom of the fuselage. The first experimental car with a motor "Dervent-V" was assembled in June 1947 year. 8.07.1947 was first lifted into the air by the Soviet test pilot M. Ivanov. 3 August Yak-23 demonstrated to the general public on the airparade in Tushino.

 

11.10.1947 the second instance of the aircraft entered the GK NII VVS for passing state tests. Certificate obtained upon completion, was that flight characteristics received superior aircraft performance Su and MiG-9-9. According fighter speed ahead of its main competitor MiG-9, but the results fell short of the estimated parameters. Ground speed of the aircraft - 925 km / h at an altitude of m 5000 - 910 km / h, respectively, less than expected on 35 km / h and 40 km / h. This was due to the increased weight of the airplane on 65 kg and less engine thrust indicators, than it was written on the paper.

Yak-23 photo

. The radius of the bend at an altitude of 5 thousand meters was 750 m, time bend - 28 seconds. In the plane there were no air brakes, which limited maneuverability. Onboard equipment did not provide radio communication with the ground at large distances. Another shortcoming - the aircraft cabin was leaking.

 

On state tests conducted two training combat Yak-23 against jet bomber Tu-12. The results indicated the suitability of the Yakovlev aircraft to counter modern fighters.

 

Despite the fact that the domestic engines RD-500 inferior in power indicators English analogue "Derwent-In" in the serial Yak-23 were only Soviet power plants, which have adopted a fighter.

 

14.07.1948 on aviaparada in Tushino second prototype crashed Yak-23. The accident occurred during a rehearsal. The fighters flew one after the other at a low altitude. Parent followed bombers. Suddenly Yak-23 disappears wing, then collapsing the canopy, pilot MI Ipanema falls out of the cab and from hitting the ground dies. The investigation revealed that the cause of the tragedy was an incredible coincidence. At Tu-14, which flew a little in front and on top of the Yak-23, he fell off the weight balancer steering and fell straight to the fighter wing.

 

Serial production Yak-23

 

The plane almost a year after its creation in no hurry to start up in serial production. The reason for this was the absence of aerodynamic brakes, pressurized cabin, the lag in basic flying qualities of the aircraft La-15, MiG-15 and projected parallel Yak-25.

Yak-23

Initially planned to start mass production in the factory in Novosibirsk №153, but could not do that. Edition serial Yak-23 do at the plant number 31 in Tbilisi. However, once at the plant tried to launch a series of MiG-15, Yakovlev fighter production rates fell. End of serial production Yak-dated to March 23 1951 of Total issued 313 copies fighters.

Yak-23 characteristics:



Modification   Yak-23
Wingspan, m   8.73
Length m   8.12
Height, m   3.31
Wing area, m2   13.70
Weight, kg  
  empty   1902
  takeoff weight   3389
engine's type   1 TRD RD-500
Thrust, kgf   X 1 1590
Maximum speed km / h  
  near the ground   925
  on high   910
The maximum rate of climb, m / min   13450
Flight duration, h   2.3
Practical range, km  
  with PTB   1475
  without PTB   785
Practical ceiling, m   14800
Crew   1
Armament:   two 23-mm guns 150 P (HP-23)

 

Aircraft

When designing a new aircraft jet engine Yakovlev did not immediately decided to abandon the usual principle of Reda accommodation powerplant. Having laid a new version of the engine location based design Yak-19 fighter cautious Alexander the personal initiative created Yak-23 the traditional scheme. Also, the chief designer did not dare to make a swept wing, while competitors in the face of Mikoyan and Lavochkin already conducted similar work.
Special complaints, as, indeed, and delights, Yak-23 did not cause. The Soviet Air Force soon abandoned the car, preferring to it, of course, the more winning MiG-15. But since the produced copies had nowhere to go, and they did not exhaust the resource, the decommissioned Yak-23 went abroad, to young socialist countries. Its aircraft industry, and even more military, there has not yet developed, and therefore single-seat Yakovlev fighters created a reliable shield outside the USSR from the then-emerging NATO air force in Europe. Interestingly, the emergence of Yak-23 in friendly states to the Soviet Union stimulated the development of aviation and aviation industry on the ground, and laid the foundation for long-term cooperation that lasted until the collapse of the socialist community. Noteworthy is the fact that the first Yak-23 aircraft came to Poland disassembled. Assembly was organized on the spot with the prospect of the subsequent production of this fighter in the NDP. However, fate presented "Yaku" an offensive surprise - the final choice fell on the competing MiG-15.

When designing a new aircraft jet engine Yakovlev did not immediately decided to abandon the usual principle of Reda accommodation powerplant. Having laid a new version of the engine location based design Yak-19 fighter cautious Alexander the personal initiative created Yak-23 the traditional scheme. Also, the chief designer did not dare to make a swept wing, while competitors in the face of Mikoyan and Lavochkin already conducted similar work.
Special complaints, as, indeed, and delights, Yak-23 did not cause. The Soviet Air Force soon abandoned the car, preferring to it, of course, the more winning MiG-15. But since the produced copies had nowhere to go, and they did not exhaust the resource, the decommissioned Yak-23 went abroad, to young socialist countries. Its aircraft industry, and even more military, there has not yet developed, and therefore single-seat Yakovlev fighters created a reliable shield outside the USSR from the then-emerging NATO air force in Europe. Interestingly, the emergence of Yak-23 in friendly states to the Soviet Union stimulated the development of aviation and aviation industry on the ground, and laid the foundation for long-term cooperation that lasted until the collapse of the socialist community. Noteworthy is the fact that the first Yak-23 aircraft came to Poland disassembled. Assembly was organized on the spot with the prospect of the subsequent production of this fighter in the NDP. However, fate presented "Yaku" an offensive surprise - the final choice fell on the competing MiG-15.

In the early 50-ies of the plane created from scratch, due to which he was not very similar to its predecessors. He had a little of everything from housing and basic parts of the ego and ending with the power plant. It is the engine of foreign production and played a key role in what would Yak-23 was in service, both in the USSR and in other countries around the world, and that is not enough then. Yet I believe that our government, at a time of frequent needlessly thrown away a huge amount of funds for the development of such models.

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