Tu-160. White Swan. A photo
Military aviation
Tu-160. White Swan. A photo. Characteristics

Tu-160. White Swan. A photo. Characteristics.  

 

Work on the development of the airplane TU-160 "White Swan"- a missile carrier of a supersonic bomber for long-range aviation began in 1968 by the Tupolev Design Bureau. And in 1972, a preliminary design of such an aircraft with a wing of variable geometry was made. In 1976, the design of the Tu-160 model was approved by the commission. NK-type engine- 32 specially for this aircraft model was developed by the Kuznetsov Design Bureau in 1977. 

 

Tu-160 Photo

Tu-160 photo

 

According to the NATO classification, these strategic bombers are called “Black Jack”, and in the slang of the Americans - “club” (Black Jack - beat with a club). But our pilots called them “White swans” - and this is very similar to the truth. Supersonic Tu-160 are beautiful and elegant, even possessing formidable armament and tremendous power. Armament for them chose X-55 - subsonic cruise small-sized missiles and X-15 - aeroballistic missiles, which are placed on multi-position installations under the wings. 

Layout Tu-160 1977 approved at the end of the year, and pilot production company MMZ "Experience" (in Moscow) began to build three prototypes. Kazan production of manufactured fuselages, Novosibirsk made wing and stabilizer, in Voronezh - gruzootseke leaf, and in the city of Gorky - landing gear. The assembly of the first car «70-01» ended in January 1981 in the town of Zhukovsky.

Tu-160 scheme

The Tu-160 with the serial "70-01" was tested for the first time in the air in December 1981 18. At the state tests, which ended in the middle of the 1989 of the year, four X-160 cruise missiles were launched by the Tu-55 aircraft, as the main armament of the aircraft. The maximum speed of the aircraft during horizontal flight was 2200 km / h. This speed for operation was limited to 2000 km / h - this was introduced due to the condition of the resource limit. Many Tu-160 were given personal names, like warships. The first Tu-160 was named “Ilya of Murom”. 

  • The crew of the Tu-160: 4 person.

  • Engines (Turbine) four pieces NC - 32 turbofans 4h14.000 / 25.000 kg (Rod: Worker / afterburner).

  • Unit three-shaft, dual circuit, with afterburner. Its launch comes from the air starter.

  • For the left pillar of the main chassis is APU - electric motor control system with redundancy hydromechanical

  • MASS and load: normal takeoff - 267600 kg, the empty aircraft - 110000 kg, the maximum combat - 40000 kg, fuel - 148000 kg.

  • Flight data: 2000 km / h - speed of flight at a height, 1030 km / h - the flight from the ground, from the 260 to 300 km / h - landing speed, 16000 m - the ceiling for the flight, 13200 km - practical range, 10500 km - duration flight at maximum load.

 

Salon

Tu-160. White Swan. salon

Tu-160 - one of the combat aircraft of the USSR, which the press learned before it was built, for several years. In 1981, on November 25, an aircraft was prepared for testing in the town of Zhukovsky (Ramenskoy) near Moscow. The car was standing together with two Tu-144 and was photographed by a passenger from the plane, boarded the nearby airfield Bykovo. Since then, the bomber got its nickname "Ram-P" (Ram - from Ramenskoye) and the NATO code - "Black Jack". With this name, the world presented the heaviest bomber of all time. 

On the SALT negotiations in-2 70-ies of the last century, Leonid Brezhnev said that, in contrast to the US In-1, the new strategic bomber designed in the Soviet Union. The press has mentioned that it will produce at the factory in Kazani.A today?

In the decay of the Soviet Union Tu-160 it was divided between the republics. 19 of them went to the Ukraine, Regiment in Pryluky. Eight were transferred to the account of the debts for Russian gas, and the rest simply sawn. In Poltava, you can visit the last Ukrainian "swan", converted into a museum.

Tu-160 landing

Tu-160V (Tu-161) - missile project, which has as a part of a power plant that runs on liquid hydrogen. Taking into account the characteristics of the fuel system from the base case is different dimensions of the fuselage. Liquefied hydrogen, which is used as a motor fuel assemblies, to reserve at temperatures up -253 ° C. Additionally equipped with a helium system, which is responsible for the management of cryogenic engines, and nitrogen - performs control vacuum in the cavities of the aircraft insulation.

  • Tu-160 NC-74 - modification of the Tu-160, having as part of a cost-bypass turbojet engine with afterburner NC-74. These power plants commissioned gathered in the city of Samara on SNTK. ND Kuznetsova. The use of aircraft engines has increased the data parameter range.

  • Tu-160P - modification, which is a long-range heavy fighter escort, who could carry on board missiles "Air-air", and having an average long range.

  • Tu-160PP - project of electronic warfare aircraft. At the moment, there is only a mockup, defined the characteristics of the new aircraft and the composition of the equipment.

  • Tu-160K - aircraft project is part of the Aviation and Missile complex "Merlin." It brings to the stage of conceptual design to the finished CB "South." Chief Designer was V.F.Utkin. Work on the ARC "Merlin" held in 1983-1984 years. to improve the effectiveness and survivability of ballistic missiles during a nuclear explosion, and to test the functionality of the energy carrier aircraft. "Merlin-R" is armed with rockets.

 

Tu-160 photo

This small-sized two-stage ICBM 4-generation. It was completed marching solid-composite propellant. In flight mode, it uses liquid monopropellant. Load carrier aircraft Tu-160K was 50 t. This meant that the modification could carry two ICBMs "Merlin-P" weighing 24,4 tons each on the board. In view of the Tu-160K flight range of its effective use was in a distance of 10 thousand. Km.

On the stage of the project resulted in the development of ground equipment for aircraft coordination in December 1984 of

missile control system "Merlin-R" autonomous, inertial, with connections to external sources of information. Coordinates and velocity missiles arrived on board the satellite, and from astrokorrektora refined angles of position command devices. The first stage of controls - is the aerodynamic control surfaces, the second - controls the rotary nozzle. IDB planned to be equipped with multiple warheads, with individual guidance, and MS, which were intended to break the enemy missile. Work on the ARC "Merlin" were stopped in the middle of 80-ies of XX century.

Tu-160 cabin

Tu-160SK - an aircraft that was intended to carry a three-stage liquid system "Burlak", the mass of which was 20 t. According to calculations of designers, up to 600-1100 kg of cargo could be brought into orbit, while delivery costs 2-2,5 times cheaper than Using rocket-carriers having similar carrying capacity. The launch of a missile with Tu-160SC should take place at altitudes of 9000-14 000 m at the speed of the aircraft from 850 to 1600 km / h. Characteristics of the "Burlak" complex were to surpass the American analogue of the subsonic launch complex, the carrier of which was the Boeing B-52, equipped with a Pegasus carrier rocket. The purpose of Burlak is the grouping of satellites in the event of mass destruction of airfields. To develop the complex began in 1991, commissioning was planned in 1998-2000. The complex also had to have a ground service station and a command and measuring point. The range of flight Tu-160KS to the launch site of the launch vehicle was 5000 km. 19.01.2000 between the Aerospace Corporation "Aerial Start" and "TsSKB-Progress" in Samara signed regulatory documents on cooperation in the development of the air-launched missile system "Air Launch".

Tu-160M - the newest upgrade of Tu-160. It includes new weapons and avionics. It may carry on board up to 90 OFAB-500U weighing 500 kg each. As experts believe, the Russian bomber bomber in many respects ahead of the British counterpart - Typhoon fighter. Flight range of domestic aircraft without refueling more than the Briton in 4 times. Also Tu-160M capable of carrying on board more than non-nuclear missiles and bombs, and has a better indicator of the efficiency of the engines.

Tu-160 Features

Tu-160 Features

Tupolev Tu-160. Gallery.

Tu-160 cockpitTu-160 model side viewTu-160 in flight front view

Tu-160 photo above the cloudsTu-160 flight side viewTu-160 over the mountains

Tu-160 view from belowseveral Tu-160 in flightTu-160 before installing weapons

Tu-160 runwayTu-160 soarsTu-160 prepares for landing

 

 

Tu-160. Video.

 

Military aviation

Avia.pro

OFAB-500U weight of 500 kg each. According to experts, the Russian bomber-missile carrier in many respects ahead of the British analogue - the Typhoon fighter.
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Thank you, I liked it very much.

Weapons generate progress! Unfortunately!

I wanted to add a little of this machine. As we know it is made in the USSR, but the decay of the state of all aircraft Tu-160 were divided between the republics. The largest number of these machines has been left Ukraine, namely 19 devices. Russia received 8 such aircraft. And all the other planes that were created were simply cut into the metal. In Ukraine, there was one such machine, and then in the form of a museum exhibit. By the way this plane Americans called Goliath like a monster. By the way, they are often referred to as our military equipment evil names.

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