Plane Sche-2. Aircraft Shcherbakova.

The history of the development of the aircraft Sche-2 dates back to the Second World War, at a time when the front-line brigade aircraft factories and army carried Parma repairing damaged aircraft and engines have replaced the exhaust. As is known, the replacement of engines on aircraft performed tactical aviation quite often. For example, the engine Yak fighters - had YU5P resource 250 hours before the first major overhaul, but in wartime conditions, it was changed every hundred hours of use.

There was an urgent need for emergency transportation of spare parts and new engines on airfields. The available aircraft in the presence of P-5-2 and have been powerless in this case. Such problems are made first the old T-1 and F-2, and then passenger YAK-6 and Li-2. There was a need for aircraft that could operate from field sites and quickly transport extremely large loads. These aircraft were to be cheap to manufacture and use, convenient and simple in piloting would have produced not from abundant materials.

In the work on the development of such an aircraft TC-1 entered KB plant number 482, which was headed by A. Ya. Shcherbakov. The designers, realizing the complexity of production of the new machine in wartime, decided to apply in their design a simple design, namely the units and units already used on serial planes. For example, the M-11 engines were taken from U-2 and placed on the hinged wing. Amortization racks borrowed from the plane La-5, and from Il-2 took a crutch wheel. There was a saying: "The tail of Pe-2, Nose Li-2, two motors from U-2 - it turns out Shche-2." However, the power of the two engines was clearly insufficient, as a result of which the specialists "licked" the external fuselage contours, as far as possible, by inventing a streamlined, smooth shape.

The aircraft was almost entirely created from fabric and wood. Overall dimensions of the cargo hatch and fuselage allowed to create a vehicle for transportation of bulky goods: width - up to 1,43 m; height - up to 1,64 meters, including standard barrels of gasoline. Also allows for the transportation of goods to 6,5 m. The plane could carry on folding seats fourteen passengers and nine wounded on a standard stretcher, to carry cargo and dropping paratroopers. Depending on the task, the crew consisted of 2 people: navigator and pilot or mechanic.

The first flight of the CU-1 1942 performed in the year in early February. The car was piloted by VP Fedorov, the factory test pilot. The car has demonstrated excellent runways quality, good handling and stability. In the year 1942, in late July, the TC-1 presented in the form of transport, health and troop-transport aircraft in the Air Force. It meets the requirements of the military. In October 1943 years after small improvements it was put into production under the name of Sze-2 47 the plant number in the city of Chkalov.

It is worth noting that the case of the transfer to mass production during the war years of a new aircraft for the Soviet aviation industry was extremely unusual. Moreover, neither SO Sukhoy, nor N. N. Polikarpov, nor AI Mikoyan, who possessed outstanding flight data, could launch their cars into production. Such a success was made to AN Tupolev - Tu-2 aircraft. A.Ya. Shcherbakov was lucky for several reasons. First of all, because there were no aircraft of this class, and the front needed them very much. No less important role was played by the fact that one of the enterprises of A. S. Yakovlev was released, which just finished the creation of the light Yak-6 (he never managed to find his niche in military aviation).

Total aircraft Shcherbakova 567 different variants were produced. During the war, they were transported to the frontline airfields propellers, engines, spare parts and fuel. The guerrillas called the aircraft "Pike". He gives them food and ammunition.

Aircraft Design Sche-2

Sche-2 is a twin-engine monoplane podnosny having mostly wooden structure with two-keel svobodonesuschem plumage, wing upper position and two-wheeled non-retractable landing gear.

The wing is made up of 3-x parts: a gull-shaped centroplane, which is tightly attached to the fuselage and two detachable consoles. Hinged wing fastening, this allows using a comparatively thin profile of the "P-II" type with the thickness at the end - 6%, in the center - 10%. Flap and aileron are characterized by axial aerodynamic configuration. On the span the flap is divided into 2 parts: located on the trapezoidal section of the console and on the straight section. Each part of the flap is exposed on the 2 brackets. Partially the wing is lined with plywood. The wing and flap with electrons are covered over the plywood with a cloth, which is covered with enamel.

On the detachable parts of the wings are arranged and motor gondolas are a single whole. Each is made of a set of frames, 4-x stringers and spars and fully protected with plywood. The gondola is located between the fuel tank 2 reinforced frames. Moreover, in each detachable console wing fuel tanks are located between the first and second side members.

Each nacelle is five-cylinder radial engine M-11FM 140 capacity in liters. from. He closed the hood, cowl "NACA", providing excellent cooling cylinders and a small frontal connection of air coming from the engine.

Air navigation equipment allows to fly in different weather conditions and at night. The radio station of the "RCI" provides external communication in flight. The fuselage is 7 double folding seat for fourteen fighters and behind 2 extra chairs. The aircraft can be converted into a sanitation 9 stretcher.

Chassis podnosnoe, fixed landing, equipped with oil-air cushioning. And spring strut was borrowed from the aircraft La-5. Spike wheel of IL-2, has air-pneumatic flavoring, is guided to the stopper, controlled from the cab. Rope control wiring rudders and elevator.

Coloring aircraft for traditional combat aircraft Soviet army during World War II: the side of the fuselage, the upper surface of the wing, the total surface of the vertical stabilizer and the upper part of the horizontal tail are green, in which are the black camouflage stripe. The bottom of the fuselage, wings and horizontal tail are blue. On the wings, and beneath them were applied red stars. Most stars were applied to the side of the fuselage, and not on the keel.