OAO Nizhny Novgorod Aircraft Plant Sokol

The Sokol aircraft building plant is an aircraft building organization located in the city of Nizhny Novgorod.

Is rayonoobrazuyuschim now Nizhny Novgorod (about it formed the Moscow region of Nizhny Novgorod). Quite a large stake in the company "Falcon", namely 38 percent owned open akuionernomu Company "United Aircraft Corporation".

History

Off plan

In 1929, Kanavino and Sormovo, along with other settlements (Burnakovka, Karpovka, Molitovka, Kostarikha, and others) became part of Nizhny Novgorod. Zarechny district of Nizhny Novgorod, during the period of "industrialization", became a site for the construction of new and expansion of existing plants.

On October 21.10.1929, 21, the Council of Defense and Labor of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics adopted a decree on the construction of an aircraft plant number XNUMX in Nizhny Novgorod. At that time, it was supposed to become not only the most "... significant of all aircraft factories that existed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, but also one of the largest aircraft factories, even among foreign ones."

The new aircraft plant was built in the western part of the city, between the rivers Levinka and Berezovka, in the wasteland, surrounded by numerous forests and swamps, between Sormovo and Kostarikha, not far from the villages of Ratmanikha, Knyazhikha and Gornushkino. Unlike the Gorky Automobile Plant located seven kilometers south of the Gorky Automobile Plant, which was launched at the same time with resonance and fanfare, the enterprise was immediately classified. The newspapers did not write anything about the construction. The factory buildings were hidden by dense thickets and were not visible either from the Moscow highway or from the Gorky-Moscow railway, along which foreigners could move.

Because of confidentiality apparently there was no indication on the true purpose of the plant under construction. The workers, who had just arrived reported that the plant will produce special products, and those who knew what was happening, signed a nondisclosure agreement. Aircraft Factory was not subordinate to the local party and government organs, so the mention about it almost never found in the archives of any executive committee or the Gorky Regional CPSU (b).

The construction of the plant officially began on 02.05.1930/04.05.1930/30 under the leadership. Muratova A.M. 01.07.1931/XNUMX/XNUMX the foundation of the main industrial building was started in a solemn atmosphere. The development program for the workers' settlement was approved at the same time as the construction of the plant. In view of the introduction of the "S-XNUMX" - the State mobilization plan, all construction work, which required colossal efforts, was extremely accelerated. By XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX the enterprise was to become operational. The problem was eventually solved.

In accordance with the construction schedule, the primary tasks were the construction of procurement and preparatory shops, the second priority was the construction of assembly shops, airfield facilities, auxiliary and service buildings. The experience of building plant No. 21 in the future was also used in the construction of other aircraft plants. The plant was designed for the main production in peacetime about two thousand aircraft. At the very beginning, it was planned to produce I-3 (single-seat fighter), R-5 (reconnaissance aircraft and K-5 (passenger aircraft).

The aircraft plant No. 21 officially began its work on 01.02.1932/21.02.1934/4, although many objects and buildings at that time were not yet completed. The first stage included six workshops (woodworking, tool, copper-duralumin, mechanical, metalwork and repair) and dryers for aircraft wood. The structures of the plant, erected in a hurry of five-year plans, were often not of high quality. For example, on XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX an emergency occurred: the roof of a woodworking workshop collapsed, all premises were filled up with debris on an area of ​​over XNUMX thousand square meters, two people died, ten were injured.

The twenty-nine-year-old young specialist Evgeny Miroshnikov was appointed the first director of the plant. The design bureau of the plant was organized on the basis of the Moscow department of the design and drawing department of plant No. 07.03.1931, specially formed on 21/1932/1933. In the future, it was replenished with graduates of the Nizhny Novgorod technical school of the civil air fleet. The drafting and design department, whose workers actively trained and practiced in Moscow design bureaus and at Moscow aviation plants, moved (in April XNUMX, after the launch of the enterprise) to Nizhny Novgorod. In XNUMX, the Intourist hotel was built on Teatralnaya Square in the center of the city for foreign specialists working under a contract and oriented to the Nizhny Novgorod aircraft plant.

A former city airport was used as a factory airfield. It was located north of the Moscow highway. In the interests of confidentiality it strictly instructed to call "Training Osoaviahima airfield." It was built flight test station for domestic service airport ,.

1932-1945 years

The first aircraft, the production of which was launched at Plant 21, is the I-5 biplane fighter. The first aircraft was assembled at the plant in August 1932. 661 I-5 aircraft were produced in 1932 - the first half of 1934, twenty more fighters were made in a two-seat training version. The plant, in the process of improving production, faced significant problems: the discrepancy between the planned tasks and the current production capabilities, the low quality level of raw materials and components, a shortage of labor and its low qualifications. In view of all of the above, the level of quality of the aircraft was far from ideal. The total output of aircraft factories of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1933 reached a record amount of 4116 aircraft of various types, most of them were U-2 and R-5 biplanes. At the same time, the percentage of aircraft plant No. 21 was only eight percent, that is, 312 aircraft ..

In 1936 the enterprise was given a new name in honor of Sergo Ordzhonikidze - "Ordzhonikidze Sergo Plant".

By the order of the People's Commissar of Heavy Industry Ordzhonikidze Sergo dated 23.03.1936, the management of aircraft plant No. 21 was notified that he would soon have to organize the production of another fighter, the I-16: “In the second half of 1934, a very important task was assigned to aircraft plant No. to restructure the industrial activity of the plant by organizing the mass production of more complex aircraft. ”Production of the I-21 (high-speed fighter) began in 16. The first prototypes of the I-1934 were tested in action by Valery Chkalov, Hero of the Soviet Union and the main pilot of the plant from 16 to 1934.

1945-1992 years