Aircraft flight data recorder
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Aircraft flight data recorder

Aircraft flight data recorder. Record flight recorder.

 

Flight recorder or the flight recorder - a device used for aviation as a recording mechanism of basic parameters during the flight, the internal parameters of different systems of aircraft (aircraft), negotiations and other crew. Information from the flight recorders are usually used for finding and identifying the causes of air accidents.

The black box of the aircraft and all about it here

In the early 21 century due to the development of components and reducing the cost of electronic components recorders and gradually began to spread to other areas, in particular on rail, water and road transport.

The principle of operation and purpose

Flight recorder refers to a system of objective control of the aircraft, collecting information about the actions of the crew, the state of the material, navigation and other data.

For materiel include:

  • the pressure in the hydraulic system and the fuel in the engine;
  • temperature of the gases in the turbine;
  • engine speed;
  • other.

Crew actions:

  • release and cleaning of runway mechanization;
  • the degree of deviation of control devices;
  • clicking on the button combat.

Navigation:

  • course;
  • speed and altitude;
  • passing drive lighthouses.

 

Aircraft flight data recorder 34

As a rule, several airborne recorders are mounted on the aircraft: the voice recorder, which records the crew's negotiations, and the parametric - is responsible for recording the flight parameters. In addition, most modern airliners have two sets of recorders: operational, not having a protective casing and designed to monitor the operation of the system and the crew after the flight; Emergency - is in an airtight, durable casing. Data can be recorded on optical (photographic film) or magnetic (magnetic tape or metal wire) media. Today, flash memory is gaining in popularity.

The operating registrar is not protected and is operated during daily use of the aircraft. The information is read by the ground personnel from the control system storage tanks after the flight. The information that is read is first deciphered and then analyzed to determine whether there are possible illegal, incorrect or unacceptable actions by the crew - whether the maximum roll or pitch was exceeded; Whether there was an excess of the indicator of congestion on landing; Do not exceed the time spent working on afterburns or regimes; Other. In addition, the information obtained makes it possible to monitor the amount of the developed aircraft resource and to carry out regular maintenance in a timely manner. Thus, the frequency of failures is reduced and the reliability of aircraft equipment and safety is increased.

Emergency registrar

In comparison with operational recorders, emergency recorders are perfectly protected. This is necessary to ensure the safety of information after 30 minutes of direct contact with fire, while staying at the six-kilometer depth for a month and under the direct impact of impact loads with force in 3400 g for 6 months and overloads exceeding the index of 2 tonnes for five minutes - According to the requirements of the standard TSO-C124. The next generation of recorders with magnetic media could survive the shock overload in 1000 g and save the information by direct contact with the fire for 15 minutes.

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Caters to facilitate the search for these recorders are installed in sonar "pingers" and beacons, which are activated automatically in case of an accident.

The second more common name for flight recorders is black boxes. In fact, the color of the recorder body is not painted black, as this makes it difficult to find. Usually they are painted in bright colors: orange and red. The body also has nothing to do with the shape of the box. As a rule, these are balls or cylinders. This shape resists pressure and shock better.

History

The very first operational flight information recorder was designed and constructed in 1939 by the French Baudouin and Yusseno. It was a light-beam multichannel oscilloscope. The principle of operation was the following: the change in each parameter (speed, altitude, etc.) of the flight caused a deflection of a particular mirror, which reflected a thin ray of light onto the mobile film. By the way, this is one of the versions of the origin of the name - a black box. The body of the recorder was painted black, because only in this way it was possible to protect the film from exposure. In 47, the inventors created the company Societe Francaise des Instruments de Mesure. The company has become a well-known manufacturer of all kinds of equipment, including onboard recorders. One of the most popular and well-known inventions of the organization is Safran SA.

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Six years later, Australian scientist D. Warren, who participated in the investigation of the British passenger jetliner De Havilland Comet, began to think about the importance of recording the crew's talks during the emergence of emergency situations. The device proposed by him combined voice and parametric recorders and used magnetic tape for recording information, which allowed for multiple use. The Warren Recorder was enveloped in asbestos and packed in a sturdy steel case (also one version of the emergence of the term "black box"). The first prototype of the device was presented in 1956 year. Four years later, the Australian Government ordered the installation of emergency recorders for all passenger aircraft. Soon such decrees began to be published in other countries.

In the future, speech and parametric recorders are structurally divided. The first began to be placed in the tail of the aircraft, and the second - in the cabin. But due to the fact that in a catastrophe the cabin was most often destroyed more than the tail of the aircraft, the voice recorder was also transferred to the tail.  

The black box of the aircraft and all about it here

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